The United States Anti-Doping Agency has given a life ban to former Team Sky doctor Geert Leinders.
Leinders, who worked for the team between 2011 and 2012, was found to have "possessed, trafficked, and administered banned performance-enhancing substances without any legitimate medical need".
The violations were committed between 1996 and 2009 at a time when the Belgian was working for the Radobank Cycling team.
Leinders was not involved in Sir Bradley Wiggins's Tour de France triumph in 2012.