Novak Djokovic has been beaten in three sets by world number 55 Jiri Vesely in the second round of the Monte Carlo Masters.
In the first set the pair traded comfortable holds of serve before Djokovic had to save a break point in the seventh game.
On the Serb's next service game Vesely did manage to break through and he went on to consolidate and win the opener 6-4.
Vesely started the second set solidly, but Djokovic's first break arrived in the sixth game and he went on to win four games in a row and level the match 6-2.
Vesely broke serve in the first game of the third, but top-seed Djokovic hit straight back only to again be broken by the Czech.
The underdog then managed to hold serve the rest of the way and knock out Djokovic in what was the first competitive meeting between the two.
It is the first time since last August that world number one Djokovic has lost a completed match.
Vesely will face either Paolo Lorenzi or Gael Monfils in the last 16.